What does the pH scale measure in cosmetology?

The pH scale is a crucial concept in cosmetology as it measures the acidity or alkalinity of a substance on a scale that typically ranges from 0 to 14. A pH value of 7 indicates neutrality, values below 7 indicate acidity, and values above 7 indicate alkalinity. Understanding pH is essential for cosmetologists because it influences not just the effectiveness of products such as hair color, shampoos, and conditioners, but also the health of the hair and scalp.

For example, hair has a naturally acidic pH around 4.5 to 5.5, which helps to keep the cuticle layer smooth and intact. Products that are too alkaline can raise the cuticle, leading to damage and frizz, while acidic products can help to close the cuticle and create a smoother appearance. Thus, being knowledgeable about pH can help cosmetologists select the appropriate products for their clients based on the desired results and the current condition of their hair.