Iowa Cosmetology Practice Exam

What is the primary ingredient in most exfoliating scrubs?

1. Abrasive particles or acids

2. Moisturizing agents

3. Vitamins and minerals

4. Preservatives

The correct answer is: Abrasive particles or acids

The primary ingredient in most exfoliating scrubs is abrasive particles or acids. These ingredients are specifically designed to remove dead skin cells from the skin's surface, promoting smoother and healthier-looking skin. Abrasive particles, such as sugar, salt, or microbeads, physically slough off the upper layer of the skin when massaged in. Alternatively, chemical exfoliants such as alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) or beta hydroxy acids (BHAs) work by dissolving the bonds that hold dead skin cells together, facilitating their removal. Both methods are effective for exfoliation and are commonly implemented in cosmetic formulations. While moisturizing agents, vitamins, and minerals are integral to skincare products for their nurturing and protective benefits, they do not serve the primary function of exfoliating the skin. Preservatives are essential for the stability and shelf life of products but do not contribute to the exfoliating action. Thus, the focus on abrasive particles or acids as the main ingredient for exfoliation is well justified in cosmetic formulations.